|
| |
Adverse Drug Events (ADEs)
- Multum defines an 'adverse drug event' as
any significant or unexpected untoward reaction caused by the interaction of
a medication with a patient. Reactions range from the mundane to the life
threatening. Almost all of them are preventable with the proper education,
knowledge, and technology.
Article References
- Provides article references for all
informational services offered—including Allergies, Pharmacology, Side
Effects, Warnings, Pregnancy and Lactation Precautions, and Interactions.
- Presented in the National Library of
Medicine format with unique internal identifier.
Common Prescription Orders
- Provides a list of the most common
prescriptions for a drug product.
Dosing Monograph
- Provides a flat text monograph of dosing
information.
- Provides adult, pediatric, and geriatric
dosing.
- Offers dosing adjustments for renal and
hepatic disease, in addition to recommendations for other conditions that are
pertinent to the drug.
Dose Range Checking
- Recommends minimum/maximum dose amounts per
dose or per day.
- Provides adult, pediatric, and
condition-specific dose ranges.
- Provides additional information for specific
drugs, including lifetime maximum dosing.
Drug Images and Descriptions
- Provides a coded description of a drug's
appearance.
- Provides image files that are mapped to
specific drug products.
Drug Allergy and Allergic Cross-Reactivity Checking
- Provides allergy information checked against
the active ingredients in the patient’s current drug regimen, against the
active ingredients in the medications about to be ordered, and against the
patient’s allergy history.
- Generates a cross-reaction warning for
allergic cross-reactivities described in the medical literature to includes
the drug or drug category involved, a textual description of the reaction, and
one or more references for the cross-reaction.
- Recognizes and supports both specific drug
names and drug category names.
Expanded Drug Naming Conventions
- Provides generic and brand names for drugs
including herbal products
- Provides alternate naming conventions
including short names for drugs (i.e. AZT).
- Provides identifiers for products (i.e.
allopurinol 100 mg oral tablet).
- Provides the ability to fully customize a
list of drug names.
Expert Dosing/Drug Orders/Prescriptions>
- Provides patient-specific dosing
recommendations, including both loading and maintenance doses when
appropriate.
- Recommends doses in easily dispensable
units.
- Provides recommendations based on the
individual patient’s pharmacokinetics.
- Incorporates the following considerations
(when appropriate) when providing dosing recommendations: renal function,
liver function, age, gender, concomitant medications, and concomitant
illnesses.
- Offers the user recommended therapies for
certain disease states or conditions.
- Provides recommendations with multiple
levels of specificity: 1) drug, dose, route, and schedule information, and
2) short descriptive paragraphs detailing dosing strategy.
- Provides options for dosing schedules when
appropriate.
- Provides textual warnings indicating when a
selected drug should not be used in a particular patient.
- Provides references on-line to the primary
medical literature.
Expert Pharmacokinetics
- Provides patient-specific pharmacokinetics
based on patient characteristics.
- Includes information on bioavailability,
plasma protein binding, volume of distribution, plasma clearance, elimination
half-life and excretion.
Indications – Drug Information
- Provides a list of common indications for the
drug.
- Includes non-FDA approved indications.
- Based on ICD-9 nomenclature.
Interactions: Drug-Drug and Drug-Food
- Checks for drug-drug and drug-food
interactions against a patient’s current medication regimen and against
medications about to be ordered.
- Analyzes both active medications and those
that might still be active in the patient (based on the drug’s elimination
half-life).
- Provides a list of drugs involved when an
interaction occurs, along with the level of severity of the interaction, a
textual description of the interaction, suggested management of the
interaction, and on-line references.
- Provides recommended courses of action when
appropriate within the textual information presented.
Interactions: Drug-Disease
- Checks for drug-disease interactions based on
patient’s current medication regimen and on medication about to be ordered
against the patient’s current medical condition utilizing ICD-9 and CPT
codes.
- Analyzes both active medications and those
that might still be active in the patient (based on the drug’s elimination
half-life).
- Provides plausibility for an interaction,
along with the level of severity of the interaction (minor, moderate, severe),
a textual description of the interaction, and on-line references.
Lactation Information
- Identifies and describes a drug's potential
hazards to nursing infants when used by lactating women.
- Provides severity level indicator reflecting
three levels of severity - relatively safe, hazardous, and no lactation
information is available.
- References all lactation information to the
primary medical literature.
Lexicon Drug Information
- Provides clinician-friendly drug names–
brand name, generic name, and common abbreviations
- Allows customers to map external drug names
to Multum knowledge bases
- Drug product information – ingredients,
strength, route, formulation
- Disease names and their associated ICD-9-CM
codes
- Coding systems – NDC, J-codes, MMDC
- Product packaging
- Orange book codes
- CSA schedules
- Drug pricing (AWP, FUL, and WAC)
- Manufacturer information
- Therapeutic categories
Patient Education Leaflets
- Provides educational, drug-specific
information in English or North American Spanish written on a 6th to 8th grade
reading level.
- Information adheres to 1996 FDA MedGuide
recommendations.
- Includes important side effect, drug
interaction, and drug administration instructions.
- Provides graphical icons to illustrate
important hazards.
- Take a look at some Sample
Leaflets
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
- Provides pharmacology and pharmacokinetic
information containing patient specific data that is distinguishable from
standard pharmacology and pharmacokinetic text.
- Evaluates specific pharmacokinetic parameters
for specified patients when appropriate.
- Provides references on-line to the primary
medical literature.
Pregnancy Information
- Identifies and describes potential hazards of
use during pregnancy.
- Provides a textual description of a
particular drug's potential hazards if taken by a pregnant woman, a woman
who becomes pregnant during therapy, or a man who fathers a child during
therapy.
- Includes the FDA pregnancy categorization
code (if available).
- Provides, when appropriate, pregnancy alerts
for drugs that are known to pose reproductive hazards when taken by female
or male patients
- Provides alerts reflecting two levels of
severity - (1) relatively and/or probably safe and (2) hazardous.
- References all pregnancy information to the
primary medical literature.
Prescriptions
- Provides a list of commonly used prescriptions
based on drug and formulation.
- Provides each order field individually in
order to map to appropriate fields in clinical application.
Prescription Warning Labels
- Provides a coded reference to a warning label
that is appropriate for a prescription.
- Warnings are supplied in both English and
Spanish.
- Can be mapped to commercially available labels
or printed from a pharmacy system.
Prescription Writer - RxBuilder
- Assists in generating correct, medically
fluent orders for dug therapy based on common order elements.
- Provides drug order information, "smart
links" to drug product information, which assists in the drug ordering
process.
- Provides dynamic lists of valid values that
may be specified for an order element.
- Facilitates the creation of drug orders that
translate to drug products that relate to drug products that are available
off-the-shelf of the pharmacy.
- Provides each order field individually so that
it can be mapped to appropriate fields in clinical applications.
Side Effects
- Provides side effect information in descending
order of importance based on both severity and frequency of the side effect.
- Provides side effect information in two
levels; the first level consists of general side effect information organized
by organ system and frequency; the second level of information, when
available, incorporates greater detail including specific studies, case
reports, their methodology, and the differences between study data.
- Includes references to the primary medical
literature and has key-word identifiers.
Therapeutic Categories
- Provides a poly-hierarchical classification
system for drugs.
- Provides all therapeutic categories and
sub-categories for each drug.
- Provides all drugs for any given therapeutic
category.
Therapeutic Duplication
- Checks for duplicative medication therapy by
drug and drug category against patient’s current medication regimen and
medications being ordered.
- Provides three levels of category checking,
from general to very specific.
Warnings
- Provides a description of important warnings
and contraindications (not otherwise addressed by Allergy and Allergic
Cross-reactivity Checking, Pregnancy and Lactation Precautions) for particular
drugs.
- No severity levels are provided. All presented
warnings are considered significant.
|
